Chidziwitso choyambirira cha ulusi wopepuka

Choyambitsa chiberekero cham'maso chimathamangitsa kusinthaku mukamalumikizana. Ngati palibe finiya yopepuka yopereka njira zothamanga kwambiri, intaneti imangokhala yokhayo. Ngati zaka za zana la 20 chinali nthawi yamagetsi, ndiye kuti nthawi yam'malowo ndi nthawi yakuwala. Kodi kuwala kumathandiza bwanji kulankhulana? Tiyeni tiphunzirepo chidziwitso choyambirira cha kulumikizana kumene kumagwirizana ndi mkonzi pansipa.

Gawo 1. Chidziwitso choyambirira cha kufalitsa kuwala

Kuzindikira mafunde opepuka
Mafunde owala ndi mafunde a elekitiromic, ndipo m'malo mwaulere, mawonekedwe a fundeth ndi pafupipafupi mafunde a elekitomomagneti ndi ophatikizika. Zopanga ziwirizi ndizofanana ndi liwiro la kuwala, ndiye:

Konzani zodzikongoletsera kapena ma frequenies a mafunde a elekitomic kuti apange mawonekedwe a electromagnetim. Malinga ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mafunde a electromagits amatha kugawidwa m'magawo a radiation, dera la Ultraviolet, dera lowoneka bwino, dera lowonekera, dera la Microwave, wailesi yayilesi, ndi dera lalitali. Magulu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulankhulana makamaka ndi dera loti akwatire, dera la microwave, ndi dera la Railesi. Chithunzi chotsatirachi chikuthandizani kuti mumvetsetse magawano a magulu olumikizirana ndi kufalitsa nkhani.

Nkhani yankhaniyi yankhaniyi, "Kuyankhulana Kuyankhulana Kumawala," imagwiritsa ntchito mafunde owala mu gulu la infrared. Zikafika pamenepa, mwina anthu angadabwe kuti ziyenera kukhala za gulu lakale? Magaziniyi ikukhudzana ndi kutayika kwa mapangidwe a mafilimu owoneka a ziwonetsero zamiyala, osankhidwa silika. Kenako, tiyenera kumvetsetsa momwe maowu amalonda amayatsira.

Kukana, kulingalira, komanso kuwonetsera kuwala

Pamene Kuwala kumatulutsidwa kuchokera ku chinthu china kwa wina, Kukana ndi Kuwonetsera kumachitika pa mawonekedwe pakati pa zinthu ziwiri, ndipo ngodya yotsuka kumawonjezeka ndi kuwunika kwa zomwe zachitika. Monga zikuwonekera pa Chithunzi ① → ②. Nkhaniyo itafika kapena yopitilira mbali ina, kuwala komwe kunakopa kumazimiririka ndikuwunikira konseku kumawonekeranso, komwe kumawonekera kwathunthu ku ma ② → →

Zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana, kotero kuthamanga kwa kufalitsa kowala kumasiyanasiyana mu media osiyanasiyana. Mlozera wokhoza kutchulidwa n, n = n = c / v, komwe c ndi velocity mu vacuum ndi v ndi velocity mu sing'anga. Sing'anga yokhala ndi cholembera chachikulu chokhazikika chimatchedwa sing'anga yowuma kwambiri, pomwe sing'anga yokhala ndi cholembera chotsika kwambiri chimatchedwa kuti sing'anga pang'ono. Mikhalidwe iwiri yonse yowunikira kwathunthu ikuchitika:
1. Kutumiza kuchokera ku sing'anga kokhoma kokhoma kokwanira kwa sing'anga
2. Kutalika kwake ndikokulirapo kapena wofanana ndi njira yovuta yowonetsera kwathunthu
Pofuna kupewa kuyika kwa siginecha yosadziwika bwino ndikuchepetsa kufalikira, kufala kwamisala mu ulusi wamaso kumachitika pansi pamakhalidwe owoneka bwino.

Gawo 2. Kuyambitsa ku Mafayilo Olondola Opambana (Fibekiti Optic)

Mawonekedwe optic

Ndi chidziwitso choyambirira cha kufalikira kwathunthu, ndikosavuta kumvetsetsa kapangidwe ka mavesi owala. Fiber yopanda tanthauzo ya fiberi yagawika imagawika m'magawo atatu: woyamba wosanjikiza ndiye pachimake, chomwe chili pakatikati pa chiberekero chambiri ndipo chimapangidwanso ngati galasi. Diamer ya m'mimba nthawi zambiri imakhalapo 9-10 microns (njira imodzi), 50 kapena 62.5 Microns (Movie-Movie). Chitsamba cha fiber chili ndi mndandanda wokwanira kwambiri ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito kutumizira kuwala. Chigawo chachiwiri: chomwe chili mozungulira fiber, komanso yopangidwanso ndi galasi la silika (ndi mainchesi angapo micrerons). Mndandanda wowoneka bwino wa matalala ndi wotsika, ndikupanga mawonekedwe athunthu palimodzi ndi chiberekero. Wosanjidwa wachitatu: Kusanjikiza kunja ndi kokhazikika. Zinthu zotetezera zili ndi mphamvu zambiri ndipo zimatha kupirira zisowezi zazikulu, kuteteza fiberi yochokera ku Vapor Goosion ndi Abrasion.

Kutaya Matumbo Opepuka

Kutaya kwa Fiber Optic kumathandizira kwambiri kukhudzana ndi kulumikizana kwa mawonekedwe a fiber optic. Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikilo zopepuka zimaphatikizapo kuchepa kwa zinthu, kufalitsa kutaya kutaya, ndi zotayika zina zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi ma firiji monga firiti.

Kuwala kwa chiwongola dzanja ndi chosiyana, ndipo kufedwa kofalikira mu ulusi wamaso kumasiyananso. Kuti achepetse kutayika ndikuonetsetsa kuti, asayansi adzipereka kupeza kuunika koyenera kwambiri. Kuwala komwe kumayenderana ndi anthu 12600nm ~ 1360nm kuli ndi zosokoneza zazing'onoting'ono kwambiri zomwe zimayamba chifukwa chobalalitsa komanso kuchepa kwa mayamwidwe. M'masiku oyambilira, izi zimapangidwa ngati gulu loyankhulirana. Pambuyo pake, nditapezerera kwa nthawi yayitali ndikuchita, akatswiri pang'onopang'ono adafotokozera mwachidule zamphamvu kwambiri (1260nm ~ 1625nm), zomwe ndizoyenera kutumizidwa mu ulusi wamaso. Chifukwa chake mafunde akuwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyankhulana mu mawonekedwe a fiber nthawi zambiri amakhala mu gulu la infrared.

Chitsamba cha Fiber Optic

Mitundu yam'madzi: imatumiza mitundu yambiri, koma yayikulu yobalalitsa modcal imaletsa pafupipafupi kufalitsa zizindikiro za digito, ndipo kuyimilira kumeneku kumakhala kowopsa ndikuwonjezeka. Chifukwa chake, mtunda wa kufala kwa milikode kuphipiko kumakhala kwakanthawi, nthawi zambiri ma kilomita ochepa okha.
Fomu imodzi mode: yokhala ndi kachigawo kakang'ono kwambiri, njira imodzi yokhayo ingathe kufalikira, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera polankhulana.

Gawo 3. Mfundo Yogwira Ntchito Yachizindikiro

Njira Yoyankhula

Zinthu zoyankhulirana zomwe zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito, monga mafoni am'manja ndi makompyuta, kufalitsa zidziwitso mwa mawonekedwe a zamagetsi. Mukamachita kulankhulana kowoneka bwino, gawo loyamba ndikusintha zizindikilo zamagetsi kukhala zizindikiro zowoneka bwino, zimatiphatikiza kudutsa zingwe za herkic, kenako kutembenukira zizindikiro zamagetsi kuti mukwaniritse cholinga cha kufalitsa chidziwitso. Njira yolankhulirana yoyambirira imakhala ndi poxamic poptical, wolandila madical, ndi dera la fiberic yopatsirana kuwala. Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti kufalikira kwakutali kwa mtunda ndikusintha bandwidth, obwereza obwereza komanso ochepa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Pansipa pali mawu oyamba a mfundo zogwirira ntchito iliyonse mu njira yolumikizirana.

Matamiyala Otsatsa:Amatembenuza zizindikiritso zamagetsi kukhala zizindikiro zowoneka bwino, makamaka zopangidwa ndi zizindikiro za siginesozi ndi magwero opepuka.

Signal Pulsexer:Maanja azikhala ndi zizindikiro zonyamula mabwalo osiyanasiyana mu mawonekedwe ofanana ndi kufalikira, kukwaniritsa zotsatira za kufalikira kopitilira kupondaponda.

Opambana Osewera:Mukamafalitsa, funde ndi mphamvu ya chizindikirocho idzaima, motero ndikofunikira kubwezeretsanso mawonekedwe a siginecha ndi yowonjezerayo ndikuwonjezera kuwala.

Signal Cumliplexer:Kuwola zizindikiro zingapo m'magawo ake oyambayo.

Wolandila Mayr:Amatembenuza chizindikiro chovomerezeka m'magetsi m'magetsi, makamaka opangidwa ndi chithunzi ndi chowongolera.

Gawo 4. Ubwino ndi ntchito za kulumikizana kowoneka bwino

Zabwino za kulumikizana:

1. Mtunda wautali wolumikizidwa, wazachuma ndi mphamvu zopulumutsa
Kungoganiza za kufala kwa 10 gbps (mabiliyoni 10 kapena 1) mwachiwiri, ngati kulumikizana kumagetsi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, chizindikirocho chikuyeneranso kuvomerezedwa ndikusinthidwa mita pafupifupi ingapo. Poyerekeza ndi izi, pogwiritsa ntchito kulankhula kowoneka koloko kumatha kukwaniritsa makilomita oposa 100. Nthawi zochepa chizindikiro chimasinthidwa, kutsitsa mtengo. Kumbali inayi, zinthu za fiber fiber ndi silicon dioxide, yomwe ili ndi ndalama zambiri komanso zotsika kwambiri kuposa waya wamkuwa. Chifukwa chake, kulankhulana kowoneka bwino kuli ndi mphamvu zachuma komanso mphamvu zopulumutsa.

2. Kutumiza kwachangu ndi kulumikizana kwakukulu

Mwachitsanzo, tsopano polankhula ndi abwenzi akunja kapena kucheza pa intaneti, phokoso silikukulowerera monga kale. Mu nthawi ya telefoni, mayiko amalankhula makamaka pamasamba opanga ngati kupemphera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nthawi yayitali ifike. Ndipo kulankhulana kowoneka bwino, mothandizidwa ndi zingwe zam'mbuyo za ku Sukulu ya ku Sukulu ya patali, kumachepetsa mtunda wopitilira, ndikupanga chidziwitso cha chidziwitso mwachangu. Chifukwa chake, kulumikizana kowoneka kowoneka kumatha kulumikizana ndi kutsidya lina.

3. Kuthana ndi mphamvu komanso chinsinsi

Kulankhulana zamagetsi kumatha kumverera zolakwa chifukwa cha kusokonezedwa ndi electromagneti, kumapangitsa kuti muchepetse bwino. Komabe, kulankhulana kolondola sikukhudzidwa ndi phokoso lamagetsi, ndikupangitsa kukhala wotetezeka komanso wodalirika. Ndipo chifukwa cha malingaliro athunthu, chizindikirocho chimakhala chofanana ndi chojambula cha kufalitsa, chifukwa chake chinsinsi ndichabwino.

4. Kutumiza kwakukulu
Nthawi zambiri, kulankhulana zamagetsi kumatha kungopatsira mitundu ya 10gbps (mabiliyoni 10 kapena 1 pa sekondi), pomwe kulumikizana kolondola kumatha kufananiza 1Tbps (1 trillion 0 kapena 1

Kugwiritsa ntchito kulumikizana kolakwika

Pali maubwino ambiri olumikizirana moona mtima, ndipo idaphatikizidwa ngodya iliyonse ya moyo wathu kuyambira kukula kwake. Zipangizo monga mafoni am'manja, makompyuta, ndi mafoni a IP omwe amagwiritsa ntchito intaneti kulumikizane aliyense kudera lawo, dziko lonse, komanso mpaka ku matchula ena padziko lonse lapansi. Mwachitsanzo, zizindikiro zomwe zimapangidwa ndi makompyuta ndi mafoni am'manja zimasonkhana polumikizirana ndi ma netiweki, kenako zimatumizidwa kumadera osiyanasiyana adziko lapansi kudzera mu zingwe zapansi pazachiberekero.

Kuzindikira zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku monga makanema amayimba, kugula zinthu pa intaneti, masewera apakanema, komanso kubera ena onse kudalira thandizo lake ndi thandizo lake. Kutuluka kwa ziwonetsero zamaso zapangitsa kuti miyoyo yathu ikhale yabwino komanso yabwino.